The Traffic Safety Problem in Urban Areas

THE TRAFFIC SAFETY PROBLEM IN URBAN AREAS J. ARCHER1 and K. VOGEL2 1 CTR, Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan, Stockholm, Sweden; 2 VTI, Linkoping, Sweden E-mail: jeffery. [emailâ protected] kth. se; katja. [emailâ protected] se As the quantity of individuals who dwell and work in urban regions increments, along these lines, as well, do the requirements and requests set on the framework. This has prompted serious blockage in numerous European urban communities, a circumstance which influences nature as far as contamination, however most prominently levels of traffic safety.In Europe, a huge number of individuals are murdered in street auto collisions, and more than 1 million are harmed every year at a cost, which is assessed to surpass the all out European Union spending plan by a factor of two. Most of mishaps including injury happen inside urban territories regularly at intersections, while the quantity of fatalities outside these zones is more prominent, to a great extent because of hig her speed. Traffic security research has demonstrated a one-sided enthusiasm for the issues related with motorway and country regions in the past.There are numerous reasons, which advocate a more noteworthy enthusiasm for urban territories, specifically, those identified with the wellbeing of unprotected street clients. In urban regions the traffic framework setting is increasingly perplexing, where a blended street client condition wins and more noteworthy perceptual and intellectual requests are set on street clients. Before, huge numbers of the more effective wellbeing countermeasures have concentrated on planning the street to address the issues and restrictions of street clients. These arrangements have, be that as it may, end up being very costly.Today, new and moderately modest mechanical arrangements alluded to as Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) have been created which have the ability to diminish introduction, mishap hazard, and mishap seriousness. While the drawn out i mpacts of these frameworks are to a great extent obscure, and issues related with normalization and enactment are needing resolve, frameworks, for example, Intelligent Speed Adaptation and propelled traffic control frameworks have indicated extraordinary potential as to the traffic wellbeing issue in urban areas.In request to effectuate this potential, a lot of incorporated multi-disciplinary exploration is required. 1. Presentation The only remaining century of the subsequent thousand years has seen immense enhancements in the day to day environments and financial abundance of the industrialized countries of the world, and thus a huge development in populace, especially in urban regions. The development of urban areas and towns has additionally prompted an expansion in the requirement for versatility, and an ensuing increment in the numbers and kinds of vehicles possessing the street infrastructure.The exponential increment in the quantity of vehicles during the twentieth century h as far exceeded the anticipated limits and versatile capacities of the current street foundation frameworks, this has brought about a circumstance of blockage and disappointment among street clients of assorted types and has had huge adverse impacts for traffic wellbeing as far as the unsuitable quantities of street mishaps including casualty and injury. During 1997, there were around 45 000 fatalities, and 1. million wounds detailed from street auto collisions inside the European OECD nations as indicated by insights taken from the International Road Traffic and Accident Database (IRTAD). The expenses of such mishaps inside the European Union are evaluated to be in the area of 160 billion ECU every year, subsequently exceding the complete yearly financial plan for the EU in 1997 (89 billion ECU). Insights demonstrate that while around 66% of all fatalities happen outside urban regions, 66% of the absolute number of wounds happen inside urban areas.The results of urban mishaps are n ormally less extreme as far as the quantities of wounds and fatalities as an immediate aftereffect of the more noteworthy confinements forced on speed. For the most part hence, the vast majority of the universal and national traffic security research has concentrated on motorways and significant streets that connect towns and urban communities by navigating country and rural territories. 2 Why Focus on Traffic Problems in Urban Areas?There are be that as it may, various significant reasons why the traffic framework existing in urban territories ought not be dismissed by winning examination. In particular, there are an extraordinary number of individuals living in urban territories, and travel separations are commonly shorter than in rustic zones, which urges individuals to utilize bikes or to walk. As indicated by the measurements for the European OECD nations, walkers added up to 15 percent, and cyclists 6 to percent, of the complete number of roadtraffic fatalities during 1997, re spectively.For different kinds of street clients, for example, vehicle drivers, there are huge contrasts in the sorts of mishaps that happen in urban zones with a more noteworthy number of backside and turning impacts, and a bigger level of crashes happening at intersections. By and large, the urban condition can be viewed as progressively complex with various sorts of street clients with various necessities, the physical and mental requests put on street clients are in this way a lot higher, and are reflected in the measurements by a relatively more noteworthy number of mishaps including injury.The Development of Traffic Safety in Urban Areas from a Historical Perspective previously, European traffic wellbeing in urban territories has most normally centered around speed the executives and traffic quieting. Kjemstrup and Herrstedt (1992), distinguished three explicit times of improvement. During the main time frame before 1968, the significant development in the quantity of vehicles was at first countered by extending the framework where possible.These gauges before long demonstrated inadequate, prompting the dangerous abuse of neighborhood streets that had recently provided food for lighter traffic, cyclists and people on foot. In the second time frame from 1969 to 1979, the traffic wellbeing issue was drawn nearer by isolating light and quick moving overwhelming traffic, and by planning the traffic condition with an accentuation on consistency and effortlessness. â€Å"Traffic calming† activities got mainstream along with what got known as â€Å"Woonerf design†, which involved physical speed-diminishing measures (e. . mounds and narrowings), and rules to administer rates and needs inside urban zones. The third time frame from 1980 to 1990 saw speeding up decreasing measures by open and private interests. Another and more affordable arrangement was required, and inevitably appeared as â€Å"environmentally adjusted through-roads†, which m ulled over: stream rates, piece of traffic, mishap rates, person on foot needs, and ecological affectability (comparable to clamor levels air-contamination and so forth. ).Examination has indicated extensive achievement in various European nations (e. g. Denmark, France, Germany), while others have dismissed the potential offered by this idea. Kjemstrup and Herrstedt (1992) finished up at the hour of composing, that programmed speed guideline gadgets were â€Å"a long path into the future† and that traffic quieting through physical measures and the plan of road space was the main at present accessible way to deal with accomplishing lower speeds and expanded wellbeing and security and an improved urban environment.Despite wellbeing countermeasures, for example, traffic quieting procedures, different administrative measures, exposure crusades, dynamic police requirement, enhancements in vehicle security norms, and neighborhood upgrades in the foundation, the issues identified w ith traffic wellbeing in urban zones despite everything win at an unsatisfactorily elevated level. One zone of exploration that has indicated extraordinary guarantee is that concerning Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) which abuse the most recent data and correspondence innovations and coordinate them into the traffic system.This approach empowers the effectively clogged foundation to be used with a lot more prominent productivity, and somewhat can resolve issues related with human confinements. The future seems to have shown up for programmed speed guideline gadgets, for example, â€Å"Intelligent Speed Adaptation† (ISA), which are seen to have incredible wellbeing potential (see e. g. SNRA, 1996). There is be that as it may, a certain requirement for building up sound logical information identified with how compelling countermeasures, with or without the guide of ITS, can be structured, created, and executed to determine urban territory traffic wellbeing problems.The Need for Traffic Safety Strategies The World Health Organization has alluded to the current traffic security as a social and general medical issue. So as to move toward this issue, distinctive European and overall traffic security research programs have been started, which call for global co-activity between various organizations and foundations, and an aggregation of various logical orders in a significant hostile to discover approaches to improve the current situation.At a national level a few nations have created explicit traffic wellbeing methodologies so as to move toward the traffic wellbeing issue. 3 In Sweden, the â€Å"vision zero† has been endorsed by the legislature all together that people and associations can build up an operational vitality and creative deduction towards another and radical future circumstance where the ideal extreme objective is to have zero street traffic fatalities (Tingvall, 1995). This is to be accomplished by accentuating for people that loss of wellbeing is totally unsuitable, and that traffic security is at last their responsibility.The focal point of consideration is put on dynamic security (I. e. the avoidance of mishaps), latent wellbeing (I. e. decreasing the seriousness of mishaps upon event), and improving the salvage administrations, medicinal services, and recovery. Critically, it is perceived that there are different interests in the public arena notwithstanding the arrangement of security (e. g. natural issues and local arranging issues) which must be examined so as to

Who Needs Help Writing a Paper?

Who Needs Help Writing a Paper?Students who need help writing a paper will find that they can get assistance from a mentor. There are many places where these kind of people exist, but sometimes it is best to have a personal relationship with someone who can guide you as you write your paper. Some people will be able to help you with this, but many people will tell you that having an actual mentor is the best thing you can do. That way, you can get advice and learn from a mentor without feeling pressured.Some students just don't feel comfortable with tutors, or teachers, so they feel the need to use a tutor instead. To many, this might be a good thing, but for others, it can make them feel out of control and out of place. They feel out of place, especially when they are trying to figure out what to write and how to write it.The great thing about having someone in your life who is also a student, is that they can guide you through your whole writing process. Sometimes, you can sit down and write an essay, and get it completed. Other times, you might have a question or a problem that you can't seem to figure out, and you can't think of anything to say about it.When you have a mentor, you will be able to write an essay, and the issue won't seem to affect your ability to write. You will still be able to get your points across, because you have someone guiding you through the process. As you get more confident, you can try some new things.Some students don't know how to start an essay, so they get discouraged. They might not know what they should write about, and they might just be confused. If you have a mentor, they can help you write the essay in the right way.Since they will be there to guide you, they can help you with your papers. They can give you feedback, and they can give you good tips on how to write the essay. If you can go to your professor, you can have the person help you write your paper.If you don't know anyone who is also a student who can write, th en you should look for someone who can. It can be hard to write an essay alone, and you might feel like you are just going by gut instinct. Having someone there to tell you what is wrong with your essay can really help you out.When you are trying to write an essay, and you need help, you can find people to help you. Many students just sit down and write their essays without any help, and when they go to their professors they are embarrassed and they don't feel like they did a good job. A mentor can be there to help you with your essay, and you will feel confident.

Everyman-a Medieval Play Review Essay

Rundown Everyman is a play which was composed to communicate the significance of profound quality, to whoever read it or experienced it being performed in front of an audience. A few researchers state that it was composed at some point in the late 1400’s, while others demand that it is an interpretation of a Flemish work called â€Å"Elckerlijc†, which was composed by Peter van Diest in 1495. Everyman is a purposeful anecdote play which is intensely founded on Christian strict points of view; likewise it is resoundingly like the Christian conviction of the restoration of Christ, and his climb into Heaven, after the torturous killing. The main demonstration of Everyman, opens with an introduction which assumes the type of a detachment, enlightening the crowd concerning the destiny which is to come to Everyman. The delivery person proceeds to tell the crowd that inevitably God will endless supply of humankind to remain before him, and give record of their works which they had fashioned throughout everyday life. The following piece of the play is God calling upon Death, to proceed to carry Everyman to remain before him. God orders Death to proceed to bring Everyman before him, with the goal that he may give record of his own wrongdoings that he has created throughout everyday life. So Death proceeds to discover Everyman, and reveals to him that his opportunity has arrived. Everyman at that point endeavors to pay off Death with a thousand pounds, however Death can't. In any case, he expresses that he will permit Everyman to carry somebody with him, so he doesn't need to confront his judgment alone. Everyman initially goes to Fellowship, whom speaks to companions and colleagues; and requests that he go with him to proceed to remain before the judgment God. Partnership, whom had vowed to stand other than Everyman through whatever may come; discloses to Everyman that he won't go with him to the grave, since he fears Death and the judgment of God. Everyman is grief stricken, however then goes on to the next. Everyman at that point goes to Kindred and Cousin, which should speak to family and kinfolk; yet they also disclose to him that they won't go with him on his way to the grave. Thirdly, Everyman goes to Goods, which speaks to material belongings; regardless she additionally expresses that she won't go with Everyman to his last judgment. Everyman is worried by this point, thus he goes to Good Deeds for friendship. Great Deeds expresses that she will go with Everyman to confront his judgment with him; yet lamentably she does not have the quality for such an excursion, in light of the fact that Everymanâ has dismissed her for an incredible duration. Great Deeds reveals to Everyman that he should then go before her sister, Knowledge; for she will know the manner by which Good Deeds may recapture quality. After gathering Knowledge, she reveals to Everyman that he should go before Confession; and there Everyman admits his transgressions. A while later, Confession gives Everyman a â€Å"jewel† called Penance; which washes down Everyman of his wrongdoings, with the goal that he may remain before God and not be in danger of perdition. With his admission behind him, Good Deeds recovers his quality, and is prepared to go with Everyman to the grave. Information at that point advises Everyman to assemble his properties of life: Beauty, Strength, Discretion, and Five Wits; so they also may go with him to his retribution with God. Yet, when Everyman assembles them, they reveal to him that they won't go with him to the grave; basically on the grounds that they are generally attributes of youth, which are largely now transitory from him, as he has the finish of life. With that, Knowledge, and Good Deeds go with Everyman to his last retribution with God. There enters the character Angel; Knowledge at that point confirms Angel that Everyman was a decent and just individual, and at long last, he admitted his transgressions before God. At that point Everyman and Good Deeds go down into the grave, and in this way advance toward remain before God in the last judgment of Everyman. On a very basic level, this play closes with the character, Doctor, expressing that all acknowledge Good Deeds and Knowledge will all escape from an individual, when they go before God for their last judgment. *** Issues in Raised in Key Resources There are a few key issues which were raised by the researchers that composed the significant assets which I used to compose this report. This play has gotten a moderate measure of prevalence over the past almost 500 years; and now today there are a few researchers and scientists whom are incredibly basic, both decidedly and adversely, of the subtleties regarding how it was composed. One analysis of note would need to be one which was voiced by Thomas F van Laan. In alluding to the general reason of Everyman, he fights of the author that â€Å"His discourse is basically negative; he centers exclusively around the certainty of death and the danger of sin†. Basically, Mr. van Laan is expressing that from the outset, the sole motivation behind this work seems to accentuate explicitly on death and how humanity should feel just distress for whatever they do, which conflicts with the lessons of Christianity. Another analysis of this work which Mr. van Laan alludes to is the point before all else when God initially talks. Mr. Van Laan states: â€Å"Gods words are entirely negative in power, inferring just the trouble to come, excluding any sign of trust in mankind†. Mr.â van Laan is voicing this analysis on the initial area of the play, on a very basic level about how he considers Gods words to be excessively negative in their methodology. In communicating this judgment, Mr. van Laan is resolute about his convictions that God would most likely not be so perplexing in his way to deal with managing humanity. Anyway not such Mr. van Laan needs to state about Everyman is negative in nature. He proceeds to reveal insight into the moral story nature of the play, and how this loans assurance to its being a one of a kind, real work of theater. He battles that â€Å"The first development, is a falling activity, which follows Everyman’s’ decrease in fortune. This breaks the obvious quietness of his life, to the profundity of his despair†¦fallowed constantly development, a rising activity, which conveys him from this nadir unto his last salvation†¦which is represented by the expressions of the inviting Angel†. It is my conviction, that basically what Mr. van Laan is expressing, is that by utilizing genuine characters to embody the particular parts of human instinct; the persona of the play turns into a two-overlay try. Right off the bat, by the characters being strict portrayals of human characteristics; they accomplish a type of authenticity, which is ordinarily just passed on using spoken exchange. Besides, the movement’s themselves-happening from a condition of absolute despondency, to a condition of amicable joy; isn't just attribute of every single extraordinary work of dramatization, yet additionally of life itself. All through Mr. van Laan’s survey of Everyman, he expresses his feeling that by the creator utilizing characters to speak to the individual parts of human personality; the play passes on a type of authenticity, which is particularly exceptional. Next carries us to the contentions made by the specialist Roger A. Ladd. His conviction is that this play was not composed for the regular individual, however was in actuality written to be a work which would have been performed for the â€Å"bourgeoisie†. His thinking comes from examine which had been finished by researcher Dorothy Wertz; a similar researcher who likewise accepts that Everyman was most likely composed carefully to be performed for the world class rich. In her exploration, Mrs. Wertz focuses to the way that â€Å"by basically looking at the jargon and expressions utilized in the first piece, one can decide whom the play had been composed for†. In that, she expresses that â€Å"the wording itself would have been unreasonably formal for normal residents of the timeframe to ascertain†. In any case, in contrast to Mrs. Wertz, who accepts that Everyman is explicitly just an immediate interpretation of Elckerlijc; Mr. Ladd expect that it is an amalgamation of Elckerlijc and other English scholarly traditions of the time. Mr. Ladd’s implied hypothesis was reached to some degree, by examining the qualities of the character â€Å"Goods†, and contrasting them and the English enemy of commercial parody conventions which were mainstream in the late-medieval period. A case of which being, that in the Germanic-Dutch based Elckerlijc, Goods is depicted as showing up as â€Å"Neglected, corroded. . . stacked up, filthy†. Anyway in Everyman as Mr. Ladd implies, Goods shows up in a progressively English enemy of trade way as being â€Å"trussed and heaped so high, and in chest I am bolted so quick, additionally sacked in bags†. The Everyman depiction, falls in accordance with the late-medieval abstract custom of hostile to mercantilism; which as indicated by Mr. Ladd, comes as evidence that Everyman couldn't have been carefully only an English interpretation of Elckerlijc. Another researcher whom is passive in his examination of Everyman is Lawrence V. Ryan. Mr. Ryan adopts a strategy, which is by all accounts progressively about perceiving the strict ramifications of the play Everyman. The primary point that Mr. Ryan makes is that †Without religious philosophy, the creative legitimacy may not be completely appreciated†¦that the philosophy included is fundamental, not weak, and besides, that it gives the play its characters, structure, noteworthiness, and even its emotional impressiveness†. One of the central matters which each of the three researchers concur upon is that by being abandoned by every one of those whom Everyman goes to for help; the crowd builds up a solid feeling of tenderness, for the predicament of Everyman. Mr. Ryan recommends that the development of these bogus companion characters â€Å"all show up in a climactic request, as indicated by the expanded peril of each as an interruption from one’s Maker†. At last, Mr. Ryan offers his input about the motivation behind why all the characters that forsake Everyman, just as Everyman himself, are for the most part men; and why the main characters that go with him are ladies. Generally, the rationale behind this as Mr. Ryan fights is that â€Å"All m

The Hemingway Code in the Novel The Snows of Kilimanjaro - Literature Essay Samples

The Hemingway Code is the set of characteristics that comprise the male characters in the writer`s works. In fact, the personages, created by Ernest Hemingway, perceive the world in terms of the hyper-masculine moral code that determines the manner of their behavior. However, the strong beliefs that characterize them as the full-fledged men can be described as a sort of the psychological wound, which inevitably results in the negative consequences, such as moral suffering and intentions to prove their manhood. In the scope of the current essay we are going to analyze the utilization of the concept of the Hemingway Code in the novel The Snows of Kilimanjaro, focusing on the character traits of the main hero, his manner of life, and the psychological state. First of all, it is important to highlight that the Hemingway Code Hero is a symbol of the exceptional masculinity rather than a real individual. In general, the personage of such type possesses the number of the typical male character traits, which underline his masculine nature. For instance, the Code Hero is a person, who is popular among women and has numerous love affairs. Harry, the central character of the novel The Snows of Kilimanjaro, who recollected the major events of his life before the face of death, reveals that he had specific relationships with his rich wives and even once patronized prostitutes in Constantinople. However, it should be mentioned that the love affairs did not evoke strong feelings: in fact, the women were a necessary element that proved his masculinity, being a kind of trophies or caregivers: â€Å"he was only lying, as to this woman, now, who had the most money of all †¦ who had had a husband and children, who had taken lovers and been dissatis fied with them, and who loved him dearly as a writer, as a man, as a companion and as a proud possession† (Hemingway 6). In addition, the author reveals that Harry shows the negligent attitude towards his lovers in order to illustrate his emotionless and establish the dominant position: â€Å"Thats not fair. I love you now. Ill always love you Dont you love me?† â€Å"No,† said the man. â€Å"I dont think so. I never have† (Hemingway 3). One more characteristic that must be taken into account concerns the fact that the Code Hero is quite confident and successful in the sexual sphere which is emphasized within the text: â€Å"You wouldnt want to destroy me again, would you?† â€Å"Id like to destroy you a few times in bed,† he said† (Hemingway 7). The other issue that should be considered is the psychological state of the Code Heroes. The specific understanding of morality, rigid ideology, and the constant need of self-assertion make the Hemingway`s characters suffer from sense of frustration and the inability to reach self-realization. The protagonist of The Snows of Kilimanjaro blames himself for wasting his talent of a writer: â€Å"He had destroyed his talent by not using it, by betrayals of himself and what he believed in, by drinking so much that he blunted the edge of his perceptions, by laziness, by sloth, and by snobbery, by pride and by prejudice, by hook and by crook† (Hemingway 9). In fact, Harry realizes he had the quite adventurous life, was involved in the unusual collisions of life, and it was his direct duty to write about it but he chose to marry wealthy women, despite the fact that he did not love them, which caused that he abandoned his writing. The unique characteristic that belongs to the Hemingway Code Heroes is the abandoning of the unconscious fear that is associated with the death. According to Harry, there were a lot of times when he faced death, and it came in different forms: â€Å"he felt death come again. This time there was no rush. It was a puff, as of a wind that makes a candle flicker and the flame go tall (Hemingway 10). In spite of the fact that Harry suffers from pain, he tries to remain emotionless and show bravery: â€Å"All right. Now he would not care for death. One thing he had always dreaded was the pain. He could stand pain as well as any man, until it went on too long, and wore him out†¦ and just when he had felt it breaking him, the pain had stopped (Hemingway 13). The only thing that Harry cared about when he understood that he was going to die was the fact that he did not become a successful writer. However, as his wife reasonably argued, â€Å"Youve never lost anything. Youre the most co mplete man Ive ever known† (Hemingway 14). As presented in The Snows of Kilimanjaro, the Hemingway Code Hero is an individual whose worldview is based on the principles of the hyper-masculine moral code. The character traits of such personage include the negligent attitude to women, who act as the indicators of his success, numerous love affairs, emotionless, adventurous life, and strong sexual energy. In addition, such individuals are capable to resist death or accept it with the great sense of bravery. On the other hand, the aforementioned masculine code is rigid that makes the personages of such type seek self-realization and suffer from frustration. Work Cited Hemingway, Ernest. The Snows Of Kilimanjaro, And Other Stories. New York: Scribner, 1961. Print.

Adapt Scaffolding to Early Childhood - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 543 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Childhood Essay Did you like this example? The article I read was Adapt Scaffolding to Early Childhood. I chose to read this article because my field of study is Early Childhood Education and I like learning as much as I can about the field. This article discusses scaffolding which is an instructional technique that helps guide students to a stronger understanding of an educational topic and being more independent in the learning process. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Adapt Scaffolding to Early Childhood" essay for you Create order The article discusses modeling the expectations and letting the student practice meeting those expectations before letting them venture out on their own in the learning process. It is helpful for both the student, and the educator if the educator documents lessons in the form of photos, this will help the child see their learning progress and it will also help the educator see where the student is at in the learning process. In the scaffolding process, the educator must learn the strengths of each of his/her students. This will help build on the learning process and the educator can build lessons based on the strengths of each child which will build on their skills. In the early childhood classroom this can be done with hands on learning, and the educator asking the students questions which begins the process of the children thinking on their own about the hands on lessons. Once you know what your students strengths are and where they are in their learning process, you can begin pushing them to learn more and question the what and why of the lesson being taught. Scaffolding helps children learn in different ways, it helps push them to want to know more and to be more independent in the learning process. Reaction/Point of View While reading this article I would have to agree with everything that was said. This is such a great way to get children not only to learn but to start taking more of an independent role in their learning. I believe as an educator we should learn what our students strengths and interests are whether we are using the scaffolding technique or not. Knowing the students strengths and interests can be helpful in knowing which lessons may interest them more, if one lesson isnt the most interesting to them then finding a way to make it more interesting. I think documenting the learning process in photographs is a great idea, young children love looking at photos and to see themselves learning gets them excited to learn. How to Use Information I would use this information is setting up lesson plans and activities for the early childhood classroom. I would use this information to find ways to get the students to start asking themselves questions while they are learning such as why am I learning this and what comes next. I could use this information while setting up the classroom as well, putting up some posters with photos that help them learn what things to be looking for while learning in any lesson and what questions to ask in any lesson. The information in this article helps me as a future educator learn the steps/process of scaffolding and how to model this technique. Documenting the learning process for children is so important, using photos for young kids is something I would do.

Art History Essay - 2654 Words

ART __-history, __-theory, __-world (Accounting for modern art with Dickie, Danto, and Weitz) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Up until the twentieth century art theorists had consistently sought for a definition of art—a definition that would determine a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for something to be called art. But artists in the 20th century did not want to be defined, and they deliberately tried to create artworks that would not fit under some theorist’s umbrella. We saw the Beatniks with their free verse; we saw the pop art of Andy Warhol; we saw the rise of abstractionist and surrealist painters; we saw â€Å"happenings†, and we saw â€Å"ready-made† art, all of which combined to make the finding of a definition of art almost†¦show more content†¦If you try to think of a necessary condition for a game to be a game, there will always be some game that refutes the condition, or some game that we could invent that would not fit that condition, but could fit many others. The question of whether something is or is not art does not require us to see if all its properties fit into some specific set of necessary and sufficient conditions; rather, it requires us to ask whether or not we will make a decision to â€Å"enlarge the set of conditions for applying the concept (Weitz, 188).† For both games and art there are no essential properties, there are only â€Å"family resemblances†, or relational similarities that allow us to recognize whether a thing is close enough to be considered â€Å"art† or â€Å"a game†. Weitz offers a great summation of his argument concerning the â€Å"openness† of the concept of art: â€Å"What I am arguing, then, is that the very expansive, adventurous character of art, its ever-present changes and novel creations, makes it logically impossible to ensure any set of defining properties. We can, of course, choose to close the concept. But to do this with â€Å"art† or â€Å"tragedy† or â€Å"portraiture,† etc., is ludicrous since it forecloses on the very conditions of creativity in the arts (189).† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;So, Weitz’sShow MoreRelated The History of Art Essay4153 Words   |  17 PagesThe History of Art Art was the first written language and to study the history of art is to study the history of civilizations and humankind. The Paleolithic cave paintings in France, when viewed in the modern western perspective can only be speculated at as to the intent and/or purpose of the original artisans. Perhaps the paintings of animals were the focal point of a religious ceremony or ritual, surveyed before the hunt, to bring success or perhaps part of a celebration or documentationRead MoreEssay on Art Criticism and Art History2671 Words   |  11 PagesArt criticism and Art History Case Study: The use of assemblage and the found object in historical and contemporary art practice. 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Both art and literature have an ability to capture the imagination in ways that are mystifying. They preserve the past, shape the present, and predict the future. They affect the mind in amazing ways. Art makes it easy to realize that, though the world we have lived in has changed and is very much different from what itRead MoreArt History 211750 Words   |  7 Pagesimplications of the medium? Use examples to support your essay. Landscape painting was a particularly effective vehicle for allegory because it allowed artists to make fictional subjects appear normal, conditioned, acceptable, or destined. Art was not just about the landscape, it actually allowed the spirit of the painter to come alive in their work. The allegory was for moral and spiritual concerns. The introduction to photography therefore impacted 19th century landscape in a manner thatRead MoreA Student Of Art History Survey1506 Words   |  7 PagesAs a student of Art History Survey I, I need to complete a museum paper. 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Eating Disorders and The Media Influences free essay sample

Eating disorders, any range of psychological disorders characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating habits, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, have been around since the 1870s and are increasingly taking over the world today. These two types of eating disorders are taking over predominantly. What is causing this outbreak? The media is affecting the societies because most people they see on television, magazines, and the fashion industry are below average weight. What was once called a â€Å"Model Disease† is now a trending disease. Not only does eating disorders affect adults and teens but also small children. It is evident that the media plays a major, important role in eating disorders. Weak minded people concerned with their image are more influence than the normal person. The society is now all about the â€Å"ideal† image. Who comes up with the idea that being abnormally small is the â€Å"ideal† image? Only sick minded people would even think that. True enough being skinny does not determine your health or happiness. The influence of the media cannot be refuted. What is the problem with eating disorders? Theyre just so photogenic! There are the young women or – even better – girls; the celebrities and fashion magazines that are, of course, the cause of eating disorders; female body shape and, thrillingly, the food that is eaten or, in this case, not eaten to obtain that shape. From an early age the society has been bombarded with images and messages that reinforce the idea that to be happy and successful we must be thin. It is nearly impossible to open a newspaper or magazine, listen to the radio, shop at a mall or turn on a TV without being confronted with the message that to be fat is to be undesirable. The most devastating thing is that it is finding itself to reach the minds of children. When adolescents feel as though their body image, such as their hips or weight, does not match up to those of supermodel and actors, they feel strongly flawed. The media constantly sends out images and messages promoting an almost unattainable, unrealistic image of beauty that has been consistently linked to eating disordered and body dissatisfaction predominantly among women, but has even gone as far as to influence males. American men and women strive to obtain the perfect body, or the â€Å"thin ideal,† that the media presents as normal. Eating disorders do not stem from a desire to be slim: they are an expression of unhappiness. The way a womans body is equated with her human value in the media can, to someone who is subconsciously looking for a way to articulate their unhappiness, feel like the perfect solution. Throughout the years the image has gone from a voluptuous and curvaceous body to a slimmer and leaner body. While it may be true that eating disorders affects the entire society, it is undeniable that teens are more influenced by those around them in the media. Why are teens more influential? They are always surrounded by peer pressure, low self-esteem, and of course the media. Teens watch the media more than anyone because they are trying to keep up with the latest trends. The advertisements sell images of thins, beautiful women, along with the image is a message from the advertising company telling girls to lose weight, or increase their breast size. Television commercials can send a message that if they lost weight or apply beauty products they too will find love or be happy once again. If they are not up to par than one may be left out or feel insecure about them. Researchers, from Harvard Medical School, show that in Fiji in some areas that only 8% of household own televisions while in other areas 85% of homes owned them since 1995. (How Social Networks Spread). In the article How Social Networks Spread Eating Disorders, they compared the rates of eating disorders they discovered that those exposed to television were 60% more likely to display abnormal eating habits than those without exposure. Anxiety about the body image can start at a very young age. Surprisingly, by 1990 the average age that a girl began dieting had dropped to eight from fourteen in 1970 and more than half of nine and ten year old girls have admitted that they felt better about themselves when dieting. (Media Influence). Children grow up watching the many types of television shows. On almost everything they watch, even cartoons, there will always be an overweight character. For example, Patrick, on Spongebob, is portrayed as the abnormal or perhaps we can look at the show Family Guy. Peter Griffin is overweight and portrayed to have no common sense. Children look at particular things like this and start to thinking â€Å"Well if I’m overweight than I too am just like those characters on those shows. † and then there is a problem. According to a study from the University of Central Florida, nearly 50% of girls aged three to six were already concerned about their weight. (Media Influences). However, girls with direct exposure to television become vulnerable to eating disorders. Young girls are negatively affected by the overwhelming messages they receive from films portraying overly skinny movie stars. These girls are faced with societal pressures to fit in. The image impressions that the females give off on the young teen girls spreads like a virus. Nine out of ten girls who are high school juniors and seniors diet while only one out of ten of high school girls are overweight. (Media Influences). â€Å"Our study not only showed a second hand effect but demonstrated that this second and effect is the exposure of interest. † (Social Networks Spread). The social network can affect them without direct exposure because one could have a friend or someone that they are acquainted with and be exposed through them. In addition, the media is a very important aspect of life in our culture. The culture pressures the society to glorify the â€Å"thinness† or muscularity and place value on obtaining the â€Å"perfect body. † The cultural norms value people on the basis of physical appearance and not inner qualities and strengths. This narrows the definition of beauty that include only women and men of specific body weights and shapes. For some, dieting, bingeing, and purging may begin as a way to cope with painful emotions and to feel in control of one’s life when looking at another life. In Media Influences, studies show that 95% of people who diet instead of following a healthy meal plan will gain back the weight they lose in between one and five years. Individuals who diet frequently diet often experience depression because they are never satisfied with their look. Exactly 73% of teenage girls who abuse diet pills and 79% of teenage girls who self-purge frequently read women’s fitness and health magazines. (Media Influences). The diet and diet related product industry boasts annual revenues of about $33 billion. (Media Influences). By them knowing that they can make so much off of insecure people they continue to advertise being skinny. They advertise by showing their many commercials on TV or through magazines. Overall, research has shown that as commercials for diet foods and diet products have increases, the body sizes of Playboy centerfolds, Miss America contestants, fashion models and female actresses have decreased, while the weight of the average North American woman has increased. (The Role of the Media). Often, one of the first seating disorders symptoms to manifest is poor body image. A study show that women experience an average of 13 negative thoughts about their body each day, while 97% of women admit to having at least one â€Å"I hate my body† moment each day. ( Media Influence). Women often look at the stars on the media and automatically assume that is the â€Å"ideal† image. What is the â€Å"ideal† image? To the culture the â€Å"ideal’ image is being slimmer than the norm. It seems as if you must have no hips, lack butt, and a hard rock flat stomach with huge breasts. Media influences how people view themselves. Media is in account for many interpretations and each is perceived differently by each individual. There are commercials that broadcast fast foods, which try to persuade us to buy the new and fattening food. However, not only do the media glorify a slender â€Å"ideal† image, they also emphasize its importance, and the importance of appearances in general. The media tries to change us by showing overbearing and thin people as an object of desire. Among the advertisements and television commercials one is supposed to conclude, to buy all the newest fast food items, yet stay extremely thin. It is almost impossible to eat the commercial shown foods, be healthy, and obtain this look, and women do not realize this. Therefore to obtain the certain look that is portrayed by the media, adolescents are developing eating disorders. However, many adolescents see the overbearing thin celebrities and try to reach medias level of thinness and ideal body weight. Mannequins and models have grown thinner by the years increasingly disparate with the average woman’s physical form. Most runaway models have met the body mass weight to be called anorexia. Sure enough we have median or plus size model but over the years their dress size have become several sizes smaller. Some are even in the single digits again, for example an eight or maybe even a six. Being thin associated with other positive characteristics such as, lovable, popular, beautiful, and sexy, while being overweight is connected with negative characteristics like fat, ugly, unpopular, and lazy. Therefore media is the distinct social pressure of operating to influence people to be thin and causing eating disorders. This sends a message to the society saying â€Å"To be beautiful you have to be unhealthily thin. † On the other hand, there are some people who say that it is quite okay that the media contributes to eating disorders. It is supposed to influence the society that this is the look and also brings money in by portraying that. People will continue to purchase dietary things to have the look. If one do not have the look then one is not average, one could even be below average. They say that it is not about your feelings, forget them because no one cares. If one is suffering from an eating disorder it is not the media that is causing it, it is the insecurities one is having. In fact some ask the question, â€Å"Why have more of those who are slightly bigger on television than those who are smaller? † If that is done than the society will feel that is the â€Å"Ideal† image look and there will be another issue, obesity. On that note, they will then say that the media is causing obesity instead unhealthy eating. It is known that obesity is not healthy and it will not make you happy. Either way you put it, nothing will win and everything is blamed on the media. Certainly, my oppositions have realized though the media does affect the society tremendously it does not affect everything. If that was true we could be affected by the different stars whose body is above average weight. For example, look at Oprah Winfrey. She struggle with her weight for years. It was causing health problems until one day she decided that it does not matter what her size is as long as she is healthy. Another example would be Queen Latifah, she has always been proud about her weight. When you see these two female stars on the media they show confidence. They are comfortable in their skins. Perhaps by showing more stars that are comfortable in their skins and are happy will influence the society to be happy with whom they are. For instance, being exposed to idealized, unrealistic, rail-thin images of beauty in the media and diet industry advertisements takes a toll on impressionable girls, who feel they can never measure up to these ideals. However, often what they do not realize is that the look they are trying to achieve is usually contrived, and that the image has been altered in some way before publication. Society has thus created a disillusioned atmosphere that leaves young women vulnerable to be influenced by the media, endlessly striving for a nonexistent perfection. If the media does not revise its ideal standard of beauty, more and more women could end up as victims of media triggered eating disorders.

Legal Aspects in Professional Psychology

Table of Contents Legal issues Importance of confidentiality Impact of legislation Role of competence Conclusion References Psychology is a developed field of study which can be applied in broad fields which include educational, clinical, sports, business, and health areas. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Aspects in Professional Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Psychologists, just like other professionals, undergo intensive education and training before they are allowed to practice (Nancy, 2007). Professional psychologists are equipped with scientific foundations that prepare them to offer high quality services and use their practical skills effectively. The skills include, but not limited to, psychological examination, clinical supervision, consultation, as well as psychotherapy. Owing to the broadness of this field, there are a number of legal aspects which should be considered in the pra ctice of professional psychology. The code of ethics clearly provide for the general principles expected in the practice of virtually all professional fields such as medicine, law, and dentistry. The essay elaborates the legal issues related to knowledgeable approval and refusal of medical care as well as evaluating the legal issues associated evaluation and diagnosis in the field of professional psychology. It also offers the explanation of the need to enhance confidentiality in the therapeutic relationship between the patient and the psychologist. Moreover, the essay offers an evaluation of the impact of government legislation and the role of competence in professional psychology. Legal issues The legal aspects in the field of professional psychology apply to all instances where psychological ethics are to be exercised. Professional psychologists are expected to understand the legal issues and concerns that may be raised especially by their clients. Apart from the practical conc erns, the legal aspects of psychology cover broad areas such as understanding the role of government laws and the regulations associated with human behavior as well as the various mental processes (Nancy, 2007). The practice of professional psychology should not violate any of the legal provisions stipulated in the professional code of conduct and ethics. Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The codes of ethics are generally uniform in all the states although licensing may be done by individual states. The handling of clients by psychologists is one of the most sensitive areas which should abide by the legal requirements. Professional psychologists are expected to ensure that they get informed consent from their clients. This implies that the client has to agree with terms and conditions of medical treatment or any assessment/testing (Nancy, 2007). Such consent must be well informed, c ompetent and voluntary in nature. In case the client is not in a position to give consent, then a recognized health attorney or next of kin may be allowed to stand in for the patient. The doctor must inform the client of the possible risks as well as benefits associated with the intended treatment process (Berger, 2002). Additionally, the client should be given the alternative ways of treatment in order to make appropriate personal choices. Another legal doctrine under informed consent is self-determination. It refers to the right of an adult client who is of sound mind to decide what can be done on their body in the course of treatment (Nancy, 2007). The psychologist is expected to communicate sufficient information to the client in order to facilitate the consent process. At the end of the consent process, the client should sign appropriate documents before the commencement of any medical care. The right to informed refusal is another legal requirement in the practice of profess ional psychology. This provision empowers the client to refuse any given medical care regardless of how crucially important it is meant to save his or her life (Berger, 2002). For example, a patient suffering from kidney failure may decline a transplant despite knowing that refusal may result in death. Furthermore, a client suffering from serious heart attack may opt to depart the hospital even though they are likely to die (Nancy, 2007). A client may refuse treatment due to several reasons such as depression, lack of trust, fear, and misunderstanding. A psychologist may make further attempts to convince the client if he or she thinks the decision to refuse treatment is incompetent. Importance of confidentiality The legal provisions are also geared towards ensuring confidentiality between clients and their psychologists. The professional code of conduct and ethics protects clients from any form of abuse especially emotional and or physical. Advertising We will write a custom e ssay sample on Legal Aspects in Professional Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Recommended practices by professional psychologists are guaranteed. They include the maintenance of medical files, and appropriate ways for terminating a given therapy process. A psychologist is not expected to share any of the client’s crucial medical information in public (Berger, 2002). This goes a long way in enhancing the trust between the client and the doctor. If the patient develops confidence towards the therapist, then the treatment process is bound to be successful. In a situation where confidentiality is breached, the client may initiate legal action against the therapy provider (Berger, 2002). In general, confidentiality in the practice of professional psychology ensures that clients receive professional as well as humane handling that protects them from any form of abuse. Impact of legislation The government in the United St ates plays a central role when it comes to the practice of professional psychology. Some legislations passed from time to time by the federal government influence this filed directly (Nancy, 2007). Decisions which affect the financing and practice in the healthcare profession, particularly psychological services are made regularly. The state of healthcare policy in the United States has a lot of impacts on the training of psychologists. All professional psychologists in America are regulated by the American Psychological Association (APA) (Berger, 2002). The legislations provide the required academic achievements in order to be recognized as a professional psychologist. Clinical and counseling psychologists are the most common and are responsible for providing psychotherapeutic services and other psychological examinations. Government legislations, however, may vary from state to state but they are all designed to safeguard the clients and the credibility of the profession (Berge r, 2002). The legislations in some states have allowed psychologists with appropriate additional qualifications to provide psychiatric medicine. Efforts by other states to pass the same legislation have been unsuccessful. Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More APA has been very influential in pushing for appropriate legislations by the government. Emerging issues in the field of professional psychology have resulted in key legislations that are aimed at enhancing the quality of services offered to the clients as well as improving the welfare of the psychologists (Berger, 2002). Role of competence All professional psychologists are legally expected to provide excellent services for their respective clients. Professional psychologists should therefore demonstrate outstanding competence in their responsibilities. Competence can be defined as the ability to effectively perform specific tasks within a given field. Psychologists are trained to perform specialized tasks using the acquired skills (Berger, 2002). Psychologists are ethically expected to provide services that are within their areas of competence. They should take clients who have problems which they can competently offer solutions. Competence, therefore, ensures that psychologists utilize their acquired knowledge, skills, and appropriate behavior in handling their clients. Conclusion The essay has discussed the various concerns related to knowledgeable approval and the right to denial of treatment and concerns touching on evaluation and determination in the field of professional psychological. It has also given the details of upholding confidentiality in the therapeutic relationships between the client and the doctor. Furthermore, the essay has offered an evaluation of the impact of government legislations as well as the role of competence in professional psychology. The various legal aspects in professional psychology, therefore, play a major role in regulating the general provision of services by psychologists. References Berger, L. S. (2002). Understanding professional psychology: government regulation and competence. Trafford Plc. Nancy, M. (2007). Professional psychology: a psychologist’s comprehensive guide (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill Plc. This essay on Legal Aspects in Professional Psychology was written and submitted by user Savannah Combs to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Threading Introduction in Visual Basic

Threading Introduction in Visual Basic To understand threading in VB.NET, it helps to understand some of the foundation concepts. First up is that threading is something that happens because the operating system supports it. Microsoft Windows is a pre-emptive multitasking operating system. A part of Windows called the task scheduler parcels out processor time to all the running programs. These small chunks of processor time are called time slices. Programs arent in charge of how much processor time they get, the task scheduler is. Because these time slices are so small, you get the illusion that the computer is doing several things at once. Definition of Thread A thread is a single sequential flow of control. Some qualifiers: A thread is a path of execution through that body of code.Threads share memory so they have to cooperate to produce the correct result.A thread has thread-specific data such as registers, a stack pointer, and a program counter.A process is a single body of code that can have many threads, but it has at least one and it has a single context (address space). This is assembly level stuff, but thats what you get into when you start thinking about threads. Multithreading vs. Multiprocessing Multithreading is not the same as multicore parallel processing, but multithreading and multiprocessing do work together. Most PCs today have processors that have at least two cores, and ordinary home machines sometimes have up to eight cores. Each core is a separate processor, capable of running programs by itself. You get a performance boost when the OS assigns a different process to different cores. Using multiple threads and multiple processors for even greater performance is called thread-level parallelism. A lot of what can be done depends on what the operating system and the processor hardware can do, not always what you can do in your program, and you shouldnt expect to be able to use multiple threads on everything. In fact, you might not find many problems that benefit from multiple threads. So, dont implement multithreading just because its there. You can easily reduce your programs performance if its not a good candidate for multithreading. Just as examples, video codecs may be the worst programs to multithread because the data is inherently serial. Server programs that handle web pages might be among the best because the different clients are inherently independent. Practicing Thread Safety Multithreaded code often requires complex coordination of threads. Subtle and difficult-to-find bugs are common because different threads often have to share the same data so data can be changed by one thread when another isnt expecting it. The general term for this problem is race condition. In other words, the two threads can get into a race to update the same data and the result can be different depending on which thread wins. As a trivial example, suppose youre coding a loop: For I 1 To 10 DoSomethingWithI()Next If the loop counter I unexpectedly misses the number 7 and goes from 6 to 8- but only some of the time- it would have disastrous effects on whatever the loop is doing. Preventing problems like this is called thread safety. If the program needs the result of one operation in a later operation, then it can be impossible to code parallel processes or threads to do it.   Basic Multithreading Operations Its time to push this precautionary talk to the background and write some multithreading code. This article uses a Console Application for simplicity right now. If you want to follow along, start Visual Studio with a new Console Application project. The primary namespace used by multithreading is the System.Threading namespace and the Thread class will create, start, and stop new threads. In the example below, notice that TestMultiThreading is a delegate. That is, you have to use the name of a method that the Thread method can call. Imports System.ThreadingModule Module1 Sub Main() Dim theThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf TestMultiThreading) theThread.Start(5) End Sub Public Sub TestMultiThreading(ByVal X As Long) For loopCounter As Integer 1 To 10 X X * 5 2 Console.WriteLine(X) Next Console.ReadLine() End SubEnd Module In this app, we could have executed the second Sub by simply calling it: TestMultiThreading(5) This would have executed the entire application in serial fashion. The first code example above, however, kicks off the TestMultiThreading subroutine and then continues. A Recursive Algorithm Example Heres a multithreaded application involving calculating permutations of an array using a recursive algorithm. Not all of the code is shown here. The array of characters being permuted is simply 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Heres the pertinent part of the code. Sub Main() Dim theThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf Permute) theThread.Start(5) Permute(5) Console.WriteLine(Finished Main) Console.ReadLine()End SubSub Permute(ByVal K As Long) ... Permutate(K, 1) ...End SubPrivate Sub Permutate( ... ... Console.WriteLine( pno pString) ...End Sub Notice that there are two ways to call the Permute sub (both commented out in the code above). One kicks off a thread and the other calls it directly. If you call it directly, you get: 1 123452 12354... etc119 54312120 54321Finished Main However, if you kick off a thread and Start the Permute sub instead, you get: 1 12345Finished Main2 12354... etc119 54312120 54321 This clearly shows that at least one permutation is generated, then the Main sub moves ahead and finishes, displaying Finished Main, while the rest of the permutations are being generated. Since the display comes from a second sub called by the Permute sub, you know that is part of the new thread as well. This illustrates the concept that a thread is a path of execution as mentioned earlier. Race Condition Example The first part of this article mentioned a race condition. Heres an example that shows it directly: Module Module1 Dim I As Integer 0 Public Sub Main() Dim theFirstThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf firstNewThread) theFirstThread.Start() Dim theSecondThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf secondNewThread) theSecondThread.Start() Dim theLoopingThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf LoopingThread) theLoopingThread.Start() End Sub Sub firstNewThread() Debug.Print( firstNewThread just started!) I I 2 End Sub Sub secondNewThread() Debug.Print( secondNewThread just started!) I I 3 End Sub Sub LoopingThread() Debug.Print( LoopingThread started!) For I 1 To 10 Debug.Print( Current Value of I: I.ToString) Next End SubEnd Module The Immediate window showed this result in one trial. Other trials were different. Thats the essence of a race condition. LoopingThread started!Current Value of I: 1secondNewThread just started!Current Value of I: 2firstNewThread just started!Current Value of I: 6Current Value of I: 9Current Value of I: 10

Employment Law - Employment Discrimination Research Paper

Employment Law - Employment Discrimination - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that employment discrimination is defined as the adoption of lesser ways of dealing with other employees or potential employees based on their demographic characteristics. In such instances, employees are treated based on their gender, race, age and even religion, thus affecting the chances of certain individuals from acquiring employment. Discrimination, though common in different parts of the world, is disastrous to the economy as potential employees with the ability to deliver are excluded from the market. In Saudi Arabia, gender employment discrimination is common and this has been attributed to the conservative religious culture in the country. The Islamic law and the social norms and traditions in the country have retracted economic progress in the country, a factor that is attributed to the disparity. According to a report released by the human rights watch, the level of gender discrimination at the workplace has significantly increa sed in Saudi Arabia. This, the report attributes to the various employment requirements that have been put in place in the country based on the sharia laws. The belief expressed by this report that gender discrimination has increased in Saudi Arabia does not put into account the traditional need to protect women in society, especially those in the workplace. As a result, for a woman to enter into an organization, she is placed under the supervision and leadership of a male supervisor.

M3 Mortality Data Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M3 Mortality Data Paper - Essay Example It helps to determine the competence of health facilities, the efficiency of drugs used by specific patients and the effects of lifestyle habits on health (Shi, 2008).  Ã‚  Mortality data is limited because it cannot accurately determine future death trends. Socio-economic factors, socio-political factors, lifestyle habits, natural calamities, and migration influence the value of the data since these factors are significant especially when authorities manipulate them. Therefore, mortality data is limited in the mode of collection and interpretation. Most deaths go unreported, especially those that do not occur in health institutions. Consequently, deaths that do not occur in hospitals are rarely investigated.  This may result in wrong recording and interpretation of recorded data (McKenzie et al., 2012). Additionally, recording of death in the health departments may lead to multiple records, thus distorting the figures. Descriptive research attempts to explore the health problem extensively through the analysis of mortality data.   In understanding the problem, descriptive research engages the three elements of time, place and person in integrative ways and relates findings with emerging phenomena. It appraises the regularity and pattern of the three elements as they influence public health (McKenzie et al., 2012). It also evaluates the circumstances defining a person by assessing the social patterns causing ill health and mortality. Place implies the geographic locality and its features that are likely to influence health. By studying a place, epidemiologists assess the incidences of diseases and the causation factors in the environment (Shi, 2008). Place may imply the environmental surroundings such as school, workplace, and the population density of an area. In evaluation of â€Å"person,† factors of social status, age, education levels, gender and access to health services are assessed .   The research also evaluates personal habits

Boston Beer Company Essay Example for Free

Boston Beer Company Essay 1.Evaluate the attractiveness of the craft beer segment relative to the market space occupied by the traditional Big Three. (tip: use the Five Forces framework). a.High Threat of new competition: over 600 of specialty beer companies were founded over the past five years, approximately 40% growth each years. In addition, the existence of contract brewing companies lead to low entry cost. b.High substitution: The attractiveness of craft brewing industry are majorly based on unique styles and flavors of beer. there are many different brands and styles of beer so the actual threat of substitutes is high. c.The intensity of competitive rivalry is also high: while there is a major growth of new entry, the market size shows little growth. This creates tremendous competitive pressures among the industry. d.Bargaining power of buyers: Switching cost for buyers are low, as there are many different substitution and options. companies has to consistently maintain high quality in order to retain customers. e.Bargaining power of suppliers: switching cost for suppliers are high for the traditional Big Three, as their supplies are tied to their own brewies. Craft brewing companies has the option of switch breweries in a relatively low cost, as the suppliers know they have options to supply other breweries. This allows them to charge higher prices than the big three. 2.Evaluate Boston Beers business model relative to Redhook and Petes, comparing their business models with respect to specific activities such as procurement, brewing, distribution, and marketing. BBC’s strategy of producing the highest quality of products, the company pursued four initiatives: high quality standards, contract brewing, intensive sales and marketing, and product line innovations. Unlike BBC and Pete’s, redhook relies on its own breweries. Redhook also established a strategic alliance with Anheuser-Busch whereby Redhook products were sold through the nation-wide network of 700 distributorships in exchange for a 25% equity stake in the company. \Similar to BBC, Pete’s operates on a contract brewing basis and stress heavily on marketing. In retrospect, BBC intended to remain a contract brewer exclusively, capitalizing on lower overhead and transportation costs while continuing to invest heavily in its branded products. Redhook believed that its long-term growth and profitability were best served by assembling the largest company-owned production capacity of any domestic craft brewer, guaranteeing production capacity in more than one geographic region of the United States. Redhook also made a substantial investment in distribution, gaining access to Anheuser Busch’s nation-wide network of resellers. Pete’s, on the other hand, appeared to be following a combination of these two strategies by producing its products at both company-owned and third-party breweries. 3.How realistic analysts long-term growth forecasts (25% to 40% for the craft-brewing segment)? Based on the porter five forces analysis, the craft brewing segment has many advantages over the traditional big three, which explains the 40% growth rate. However the large number of new entries companies has already created a tremendous amount of competitions among its own, which retard the long term growth in my opinion and makes the forecasts of 25% to 40% seem unrealistic. 4.What do you recommend to Boston Beer? a.While the US market size remains somewhat stable. By exporting globally, will introduce BBC to new markets and additional sales b.Forming strategic alliance will help combat the increasing competition among industries.

Argument in Favor of Gun Control Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Exa

â€Å"Almost twelve kids lose their lives every single day because of guns† (Capps). Most recently, two young boys were shot as they were leaving a high school football game. Soon, another year anniversary of the Columbine High School shooting will arrive. In this incident, two students opened fire on their classmates in Columbine. I cannot imagine the horrors of my fellow students being killed by guns! Many other related acts of gun violence have brought up issues on gun control. Debates have risen between citizens on how the government should establish stronger gun control laws. Despite the National Rifle Association strong objections against these issues, gun control laws must be increased. Many citizens agree that gun control laws must be established, because of the recent acts of violence committed with guns. The gun control issues take a heated debate, because now kids are targets of gun violence. In the Columbine shooting, both students purchased their weapons at a gun show with the help of an eighteen-year-old friend (Sanko). If the gun show provider was forced by law to do a background check the two students wouldn’t have received the guns. As of right now background checks are only done on weapons that are purchased from federally licensed dealers. This is one reason for new gun control laws. The death of Kayla Rolland, on February 20, 2012, is a another reason for new gun control laws. Kayla was gunned down in her elementary school by a six year old classmate (Smolowe). The child obtained the gun with the help of his father. His father had left the gun on the living room table. As of right now guns are not required to have child safety locks. Moreover, kids can get guns without the help of a friend o... ...their own classmates. Lastly, the control of gun manufacturing will decrease the availability of guns on the streets New gun control laws are important to the children of today and tomorrow. The power lies behind the government and unfortunately the National Rifle Association. Works Cited Capps, Louis. â€Å"Capps Continues Fight for Common Sense Gun Control.† FDCH Press Releases. 3 Mar. 2014. Harrington-Lueker, Donna. â€Å"Blown Away by School Violence.† Education Digest. 58.3 (2013): 50, 4. Lazar, Daniel. â€Å"Your Constitution is Killing You.† Harper’s Magazine. 299.1793 (2011): 57,9. Reynolds, Rhonda. â€Å"Kids Who Kill.† Black Enterprise. (2013): 47,1. Sanko, John. â€Å"Gun-control Measure’s Wording for Vote Framed.† Denver Rocky Mountains News Capital Bureau. 4 April. 2012. Smolowe, Jill., et al. â€Å"Fallen Angel.† People. (2014): 66,2.

Good vs Evil in King Lear Essay

Life will always bestow us with choices which we must wisely choose either a moral or immoral response to. Shakespeare exemplifies goodness and wickedness in King Lear. The play presents a powerful manifestation of loyalty, specifically through the characters Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia. Kent’s unrestricted loyalty to Lear remains stable throughout the play. He recognizes Lear’s tragic flaw and remains faithful, even after being banished. His reliability is further divulged when he attacks Oswald, Goneril’s loyal servant. Kent’s defensive actions result in him being placed in the stocks. This sacrifice adds to his loyal attitude of pursuing the King’s well-being and safety. Oswald is loyal to Goneril, and acts well as a contrasting character to Kent. They both share the attribute of loyalty; however Oswald’s loyalty is based on immoral decisions, while Kent’s is not. Following Lear’s death, Kent foreshadows that he too will pass on, reuniting himself with Lear. Furthermore, Edgar is betrayed by his evil, manipulative brother, and he is forced to disappear. Edgar’s goodness is displayed when he treats Gluocester with kindness, regardless of his father’s misjudgment. In addition, Edgar gives his father strength by saving his life making him believe a deity has saved him from jumping off a cliff. This renaissance causes Gluocester to think and act more wisely in future endeavors. Edgar and Kent’s morality and loyalty are not affected by their mistreatment provided by their superiors, which ultimately verifies them as accurate symbols of good. Cordelia is an exemplar for true virtue in her acts of forgiveness and loyalty towards her father. Lear, distressed by his beloved daughter’s response of â€Å"nothing† to his love test, banishes Cordelia and denies her any land and power. Lear turning his back on Cordelia foretells destruction, since she is one of the only people in Lear’s life that is loyal and express’s genuine feelings towards him. Furthermore, she foreshadows her death by returning to the kingdom to the aid of her father. She understands the dangers of returning, but despite these dangers she continues to emanate loyalty. Shakespeare delivers the existence of suffering through the presence of good and evil. Through Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia, Shakespeare has made it apparent that evil is unavoidable, yet virtue, loyalty, and forgiveness is rooted to everyone. It takes certain individuals to have the courage and power to be able to express these moral characteristics.

An Everlasting Relationship in Elie Wiesel´s Night

Miller Park would need to be filled to capacity 262 times to equal the eleven million total people that died during the Holocaust. Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, and many others were killed for no other reason than being hated by the Nazis for who they are. In Elie Wiesel’s memoir Night, he tells the petrifying experiences he suffered through that scarred him forever. Some things can never be unseen, and this was the case for Wiesel. If it were not for his father, his last bit of hope for life would have been shattered, and he would not have survived. As each horrifying event unfolds at the concentration camps, the true strength of the relationship between Elie Wiesel and his father shows and progressively gets stronger throughout their time†¦show more content†¦Being able to share this key belief with his father allows their relationship to continue to grow stronger. As their time in the concentration camp continues, the conditions there worsen. The prisoners are soon f orced into a treacherous forty-two mile run in the icy cold, which makes them struggle between life the death. During this march, one thing keeps Wiesel’s will to live alive and that is his father. This shows one of Wiesel’s weakest moments, where he contemplates giving up numerous times. Exhaustion takes over his body, and the only thing he can think about is the pleasures that death would bring him. Wiesel’s mind overpowers him and he reflects, â€Å"Death wrapped itself around me till I was stifled. It stuck to me. I felt that I could touch it. The idea of dying, of no longer being, began to fascinate me† (82). However, his father needs him, and that is truly what drives him to keep pushing until the end. They stay alive for each other, which shows how much they really care about the other. While Wiesel rests in the shed after the run, Rabbi Eliahou, a very well-liked man, comes in looking for his son. He and his son have been sticking together for thr ee years. Wiesel expresses that he has not seen him, without realizing that this is false. The Rabbi’s son purposely left him, to strengthen his own chances of survival. Wiesel is taken aback by this, and astonishingly begins to pray. He thinks, â€Å"My God,Show MoreRelatedNight, By Elie Wiesel1362 Words   |  6 Pagesthe right questions.† (5) In Elie Wiesel s novel â€Å"Night,† we find the horrific life story of a father and son during the period of the devastating Holocaust. Elie and his father need to unite in order to survive through the excruciation. We find a transition of indifference by Elie during his Nobel Peace Prize. From his love for life to not caring about anything, Elie matures as the book progresses. He learns to value his father and stick together. In â€Å"Night,† Elie Weisel utilizes the fear of survivingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Night By Elie Wiesel1385 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Night, author Elie Wiesel provide the readers with an insight of how determination became the guidance for the Jewish people who suffered dreadful torture and endured a horrid lifestyle under the Nazi’s fascist and anti-semitic regime. Furthermore, due to continuous bombardment from the German’s; Eliezer, Chlomo, and the rest of the Jewish population found themselves indecisive of their faith u pon their God, the legitimacy of a just society and the permanence of a family’s relationship. TheRead MoreElie Wiesel : The Survivor Of The Holocaust2445 Words   |  10 Pagesillness, an abusive relationship, a violent incident, or the loss of a loved one. However, some experiences are more devastating than others. Each survivor has his/her way of coping with the trauma and maintaining sanity. Elie Wiesel, one the survivors of the Holocaust, gives us some insight into dealing with extremely difficult experiences. He spent a year imprisoned in the Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps, the same camps where he lost all his family members (Wiesel 15). After his liberation